Poland’s Independence Day, today marks a significant day for the proud people and nation of the Republic of Poland. On November 11th, the country commemorates the Polish resilience, sacrifice, and restoration of their sovereignty in 1918. Poland was occupied and partitioned by the Russian Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Kingdom of Prussia. After 123 years, Poland was rightly introduced into the maps of Europe following the collapses of the 3 empires.
Poland’s Independence Movement
Polish territory was occupied by three neighbouring major empires for over a century. This process began in 1772 and was accomplished in 1795. Partition and absorbed into their powerful empires, Poland ceased to exist on European maps. However, their identity, language, and cultural heritage remained and continued to do so for generations. These led to various uprisings and independence movements; however, none were successful until November 11th, 1918, with Jozef Pilsudski’s diplomacy and military command.
Who was Jozef Pilsudski?
Pilsudski played a vital role in commanding Poland’s military and negotiating Poland’s future during following the Armistice (November 11th, 1918). Pilsudski was a socialist, military leader, and Chief of State who was also honoured on November 11th. After his release from German captivity on November 10, 1918, he assumed control of the Polish military and government on November 11th.
It was under Pilsudski’s leadership which secured Poland as a sovereign state utilising its 2 million strong military personnel against its more powerful neighbours. Over 450,000 brave Polish soldiers died fighting against its occupiers, a sacrifice for the re-birth of Poland.
Poland’s Independence Day – A deeper significance
Poland’s Independence Day has a deeper significance, although there are lots of celebrations, it’s a period of reflection. Poland struggled to maintain its independence throughout the 20th century. The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, saw the Nazi and Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939.
The German Nazis were responsible for atrocities calling for “the complete destruction of all Poles”, this is evident with the Katyn massacre and the Master Plan for the East (Generalplan Ost).
Victory in Europe saw the Iron Curtain draw in and a Cold War. It wasn’t until the Solidarity movement, which ultimately triggered the Dissolution of the Soviet Union. The end of communism in Poland provides deeper significance to November 11th, freedom, and democracy.
How to Celebrate Poland’s Independence Day?
Celebrations are held throughout Poland and with the large Polish communities abroad. These events highlight the importance of national unity, patriotism, and cultural heritage.
Poland’s Independence Day is celebrated with Ceremonies, Parades, Religious Services, Patriotic Marches, Patriotic Performances and Cultural Events. Most importantly, in the capital, Warsaw. Respects are paid at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier located in Pilsudski Square. Thousands of people attend including the Polish president government officials, active military, and veterans.
What does Poland’s Independence Day symbolize today?
Many Poles regard Jozef Pilsudski as their national hero. His pivotal role resulted in Poland’s Independence. Even today, you’ll see many streets, squares, and statues honouring Pilsudski, decorated with the Polish flag.
The Polish flag is widely displayed throughout the country, it’s regarded as the national symbol for purity (white) and the lives lost for freedom (red). You can see the flag of Poland aboard, predominately in Polish communities, these communities have integrated well, particularly in the United Kingdom.
Poland’s Independence Day reflects the country’s unity and the Polish people’s resilience and freedom. Poland is now a key player in Europe, where its citizen’s quality of life is regarded as the best in Europe. See all our tours to Poland.
Although Poland celebrates its independence, its neighbour Ukraine is currently fighting for its freedom and survival. You can join our tours to Ukraine and support our local partners in Kyiv.
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